ANALYSIS OF MECA GENE IN METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM A DIVERSE OF CLINICAL SOURCES SPECIMENS
Abstract
Background: Conventional method was the best method for identifying the Methicillin-resistant gene in Staphylococcus aureus(mecA) due to various species of staphylococci that were expressed for various resistance levels.
Objective: This study aimed to get an accurate detection of the mecA gene in S. aureus isolates, which mediates methicillin resistance in bacteria using the primers (mecA) to detect the mutations that occur in the mecA gene encoding for penicillin-binding protein (PBP2a) that is responsible for the intrinsic resistance to all β-lactams.
Methods: Fifty clinical isolates were determined as S. aureus according to molecular and bacteriological ways. The susceptibility tests were performed on all bacterial isolates by disc diffusion and MIC methods using methicillin and six fluoroquinolones antibiotics.
Results: From fifty isolates, 12 isolates were resistant to methicillin and all six antibiotics; 12 were resistant, three were intermediate, and 38 were sensitive to three or more tested antibiotics, in addition to confirming the resistance of S. aureus isolates by minimum inhibitory concentration test. The primary sources of S. aureus isolates were burns (10%), nose (16%), wounds (8%), operation room (10%), ear (20%), urine (8%), skin (6%), and throat (22%). Twelve resistant isolates were used to examine the mutations in the mecA gene. A direct sequence analysis found no mutations detected in mecA. The methicillin resistance was due to the mecA gene responsible for methicillin resistance.
Conclusion: The absence of mutations in the mecA gene implies that resistance may be ascribed to alternative mechanisms, potentially including enhanced expression of penicillin-binding proteins or efflux pumps.
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